In March 2019, CAO received a complaint regarding IFC’s investment in the two IFC Financial Intermediary clients, TPBank and VPBank, related to their investments in Hoang Anh Gia Lai (HAGL), a Vietnamese company active in real estate, rubber manufacturing, energy, and mining.  At the time CAO received the complaint, both TPBank and VPBank were actively invested in HAGL.  The complaint concerns a range of social and environmental impacts related to HAGL’s rubber plantation operations in Ratanakiri, Cambodia. The environmental and social concerns raised in the complaint include loss of land, impacts on water sources, as well as on cultural and indigenous practices. The complaint was filed by NGOs Inclusive Development International, Equitable Cambodia, Highlanders Association, and Indigenous Rights Active Members, on behalf of 12 communities in Ratanakiri.